Extending Description Logic EL++ with Linear Constraints on the Probability of Axioms
This work addresses the challenge of efficiently handling probabilistic reasoning in description logics, which is incremental as it builds on existing EL++ frameworks to manage complexity.
The paper tackles the complexity explosion in description logics when adding probability assignments by focusing on assigning probabilities to axioms instead of concepts, showing that consistency detection becomes NP-complete and providing a linear algebraic algorithm to solve it, along with algorithms for probabilistic extension problems.
One of the main reasons to employ a description logic such as EL or EL++ is the fact that it has efficient, polynomial-time algorithmic properties such as deciding consistency and inferring subsumption. However, simply by adding negation of concepts to it, we obtain the expressivity of description logics whose decision procedure is {ExpTime}-complete. Similar complexity explosion occurs if we add probability assignments on concepts. To lower the resulting complexity, we instead concentrate on assigning probabilities to Axioms (GCIs). We show that the consistency detection problem for such a probabilistic description logic is NP-complete, and present a linear algebraic deterministic algorithm to solve it, using the column generation technique. We also examine and provide algorithms for the probabilistic extension problem, which consists of inferring the minimum and maximum probabilities for a new axiom, given a consistent probabilistic knowledge base.