On the Impact of Ground Sound
This addresses sound synthesis for computer graphics or acoustics applications, but it is incremental as it focuses on a specific omitted component.
The paper tackled the problem of rigid-body impact sound synthesis by analyzing an idealized ground-sound model to determine when ground sound is perceptually relevant versus masked by other sounds, finding it audible in scenarios with dense objects impacting soft ground or low elevation angles to the listener.
Rigid-body impact sound synthesis methods often omit the ground sound. In this paper we analyze an idealized ground-sound model based on an elastodynamic halfspace, and use it to identify scenarios wherein ground sound is perceptually relevant versus when it is masked by the impacting object's modal sound or transient acceleration noise. Our analytical model gives a smooth, closed-form expression for ground surface acceleration, which we can then use in the Rayleigh integral or in an "acoustic shader" for a finite-difference time-domain wave simulation. We find that when modal sound is inaudible, ground sound is audible in scenarios where a dense object impacts a soft ground and scenarios where the impact point has a low elevation angle to the listening point.