Probability Logic
It addresses the problem of modeling human reasoning under uncertainty for cognitive science and philosophy, but is incremental as it builds on existing logical frameworks.
The chapter presents probability logic as a framework for human reasoning under uncertainty, comparing its descriptive validity to traditional bivalent logic as a historical standard for rationality assessment.
This chapter presents probability logic as a rationality framework for human reasoning under uncertainty. Selected formal-normative aspects of probability logic are discussed in the light of experimental evidence. Specifically, probability logic is characterized as a generalization of bivalent truth-functional propositional logic (short "logic"), as being connexive, and as being nonmonotonic. The chapter discusses selected argument forms and associated uncertainty propagation rules. Throughout the chapter, the descriptive validity of probability logic is compared to logic, which was used as the gold standard of reference for assessing the rationality of human reasoning in the 20th century.