Data-Driven Permanent Magnet Temperature Estimation in Synchronous Motors with Supervised Machine Learning
This addresses the challenge of precise temperature monitoring to prevent motor deterioration and reduce costs in automotive systems, but it is incremental as it applies existing ML methods to this domain.
The paper tackled the problem of estimating magnet temperature in permanent magnet synchronous motors for automotive applications, showing that machine learning models like linear regression and feed-forward neural networks achieve predictive quality comparable to classical thermal models, with low to moderate model sizes.
Monitoring the magnet temperature in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) for automotive applications is a challenging task for several decades now, as signal injection or sensor-based methods still prove unfeasible in a commercial context. Overheating results in severe motor deterioration and is thus of high concern for the machine's control strategy and its design. Lack of precise temperature estimations leads to lesser device utilization and higher material cost. In this work, several machine learning (ML) models are empirically evaluated on their estimation accuracy for the task of predicting latent high-dynamic magnet temperature profiles. The range of selected algorithms covers as diverse approaches as possible with ordinary and weighted least squares, support vector regression, $k$-nearest neighbors, randomized trees and neural networks. Having test bench data available, it is shown that ML approaches relying merely on collected data meet the estimation performance of classical thermal models built on thermodynamic theory, yet not all kinds of models render efficient use of large datasets or sufficient modeling capacities. Especially linear regression and simple feed-forward neural networks with optimized hyperparameters mark strong predictive quality at low to moderate model sizes.