Energy-based View of Retrosynthesis
This work addresses retrosynthesis for material design and drug discovery, offering an incremental improvement with a specific performance gain.
The paper tackles retrosynthesis by proposing a unified energy-based model framework that integrates sequence- and graph-based methods, and introduces a dual variant that improves state-of-the-art performance by 9.6% for template-free approaches.
Retrosynthesis -- the process of identifying a set of reactants to synthesize a target molecule -- is of vital importance to material design and drug discovery. Existing machine learning approaches based on language models and graph neural networks have achieved encouraging results. In this paper, we propose a framework that unifies sequence- and graph-based methods as energy-based models (EBMs) with different energy functions. This unified perspective provides critical insights about EBM variants through a comprehensive assessment of performance. Additionally, we present a novel dual variant within the framework that performs consistent training over Bayesian forward- and backward-prediction by constraining the agreement between the two directions. This model improves state-of-the-art performance by 9.6% for template-free approaches where the reaction type is unknown.