DevOps Team Structures: Characterization and Implications
This research provides practitioners and researchers with a better understanding of DevOps organizational structures and their impact on software delivery performance, offering insights for informed decision-making in team organization.
This study characterized DevOps team structures across 31 multinational companies, identifying a taxonomy of product team patterns (emerging, stable, consolidated) based on six variables like collaboration frequency and autonomy. It also described supporting horizontal teams (platform, CoE, chapters) and analyzed their implications for software delivery performance.
Context: DevOps can be defined as a cultural movement to improve and accelerate the delivery of business value by making the collaboration between development and operations effective. Objective: This paper aims to help practitioners and researchers to better understand the organizational structure and characteristics of teams adopting DevOps. Method: We conducted an exploratory study by leveraging in depth, semi-structured interviews to relevant stakeholders of 31 multinational software-intensive companies, together with industrial workshops and observations at organizations' facilities that supported triangulation. We used Grounded Theory as qualitative research method to explore the structure and characteristics of teams, and statistical analysis to discover their implications in software delivery performance. Results: We describe a taxonomy of team structure patterns that shows emerging, stable and consolidated product teams that are classified according to six variables, such as collaboration frequency, product ownership sharing, autonomy, among others, as well as their implications on software delivery performance. These teams are often supported by horizontal teams (DevOps platform teams, Centers of Excellence, and chapters) that provide them with platform technical capability, mentoring and evangelization, and even temporarily facilitate human resources. Conclusion: This study aims to strengthen evidence and support practitioners in making better informed about organizational team structures by analyzing their main characteristics and implications in software delivery performance.