Knowledge Graphs and Natural-Language Processing
This work addresses the challenge of efficiently analyzing and managing diverse, high-volume, and high-velocity emergency-relevant data for emergency management professionals, offering an incremental approach by integrating existing semantic technologies and NLP.
This chapter explores the application of knowledge graphs to emergency-relevant data, highlighting their ability to represent diverse, high-volume, and high-velocity information in a flexible and uniform manner. It also discusses the integration of natural language processing techniques, particularly for analyzing social media text, to address specific data analysis challenges in this domain.
Emergency-relevant data comes in many varieties. It can be high volume and high velocity, and reaction times are critical, calling for efficient and powerful techniques for data analysis and management. Knowledge graphs represent data in a rich, flexible, and uniform way that is well matched with the needs of emergency management. They build on existing standards, resources, techniques, and tools for semantic data and computing. This chapter explains the most important semantic technologies and how they support knowledge graphs. We proceed to discuss their benefits and challenges and give examples of relevant semantic data sources and vocabularies. Natural-language texts -- in particular those collected from social media such as Twitter -- is a type of data source that poses particular analysis challenges. We therefore include an overview of techniques for processing natural-language texts.