A model for traffic incident prediction using emergency braking data
This work addresses traffic safety prediction for road users, but it is incremental as it applies existing methods to a new data source.
The paper tackles traffic incident prediction by using emergency braking data to overcome data scarcity in accident prediction, achieving 85% classification accuracy with a Random Forest model on imbalanced data.
This article presents a model for traffic incident prediction. Specifically, we address the fundamental problem of data scarcity in road traffic accident prediction by training our model on emergency braking events instead of accidents. Based on relevant risk factors for traffic accidents and corresponding data categories, we evaluate different options for preprocessing sparse data and different Machine Learning models. Furthermore, we present a prototype implementing a traffic incident prediction model for Germany based on emergency braking data from Mercedes-Benz vehicles as well as weather, traffic and road data, respectively. After model evaluation and optimisation, we found that a Random Forest model trained on artificially balanced (under-sampled) data provided the highest classification accuracy of 85% on the original imbalanced data. Finally, we present our conclusions and discuss further work; from gathering more data over a longer period of time to build stronger classification systems, to addition of internal factors such as the driver's visual and cognitive attention.