Learning Low-dimensional Manifolds for Scoring of Tissue Microarray Images
This work addresses the challenge of accurate biomarker validation in cancer research using TMA images, but it is incremental as it builds upon existing TACOMA and deepTacoma algorithms.
The paper tackled the problem of improving accuracy in scoring tissue microarray images for cancer study by proposing mfTacoma, which learns low-dimensional manifolds as deep representations, and it outperformed alternative methods like PCA-based linear manifolds and group-based features in experiments.
Tissue microarray (TMA) images have emerged as an important high-throughput tool for cancer study and the validation of biomarkers. Efforts have been dedicated to further improve the accuracy of TACOMA, a cutting-edge automatic scoring algorithm for TMA images. One major advance is due to deepTacoma, an algorithm that incorporates suitable deep representations of a group nature. Inspired by the recent advance in semi-supervised learning and deep learning, we propose mfTacoma to learn alternative deep representations in the context of TMA image scoring. In particular, mfTacoma learns the low-dimensional manifolds, a common latent structure in high dimensional data. Deep representation learning and manifold learning typically requires large data. By encoding deep representation of the manifolds as regularizing features, mfTacoma effectively leverages the manifold information that is potentially crude due to small data. Our experiments show that deep features by manifolds outperforms two alternatives -- deep features by linear manifolds with principal component analysis or by leveraging the group property.