De-homogenization using Convolutional Neural Networks
This addresses computational efficiency in structural optimization for engineers, though it is incremental as it builds on existing de-homogenization approaches.
The paper tackles structural compliance minimization by developing a deep learning-based de-homogenization method that maps lamination parameters to fine-scale designs, avoiding traditional least square problems and saving computational time. The method achieves de-homogenized designs within 7-25% of homogenization-based solutions at reduced cost.
This paper presents a deep learning-based de-homogenization method for structural compliance minimization. By using a convolutional neural network to parameterize the mapping from a set of lamination parameters on a coarse mesh to a one-scale design on a fine mesh, we avoid solving the least square problems associated with traditional de-homogenization approaches and save time correspondingly. To train the neural network, a two-step custom loss function has been developed which ensures a periodic output field that follows the local lamination orientations. A key feature of the proposed method is that the training is carried out without any use of or reference to the underlying structural optimization problem, which renders the proposed method robust and insensitive wrt. domain size, boundary conditions, and loading. A post-processing procedure utilizing a distance transform on the output field skeleton is used to project the desired lamination widths onto the output field while ensuring a predefined minimum length-scale and volume fraction. To demonstrate that the deep learning approach has excellent generalization properties, numerical examples are shown for several different load and boundary conditions. For an appropriate choice of parameters, the de-homogenized designs perform within $7-25\%$ of the homogenization-based solution at a fraction of the computational cost. With several options for further improvements, the scheme may provide the basis for future interactive high-resolution topology optimization.