Estimating covariant Lyapunov vectors from data
This enables data-driven prediction and analysis of dynamical systems, such as critical transitions, for applications where models are unknown, representing a domain-specific advancement.
The paper tackles the problem of estimating covariant Lyapunov vectors from data without knowing the underlying equations, proposing a novel method that works for high-dimensional datasets up to 128 dimensions and accurately estimates these vectors.
Covariant Lyapunov vectors characterize the directions along which perturbations in dynamical systems grow. They have also been studied as predictors of critical transitions and extreme events. For many applications like, for example, prediction, it is necessary to estimate the vectors from data since model equations are unknown for many interesting phenomena. We propose a novel method for estimating covariant Lyapunov vectors based on data records without knowing the underlying equations of the system. In contrast to previous approaches, our approach can be applied to high-dimensional data-sets. We demonstrate that this purely data-driven approach can accurately estimate covariant Lyapunpov vectors from data records generated by low and high-dimensional dynamical systems. The highest dimension of a time-series from which covariant Lyapunov vectors were estimated in this contribution is 128. Being able to infer covariant Lyapunov vectors from data-records could encourage numerous future applications in data-analysis and data-based predictions.