DAE-PINN: A Physics-Informed Neural Network Model for Simulating Differential-Algebraic Equations with Application to Power Networks
This addresses the problem of simulating stiff dynamical systems like power networks for engineers, but it is incremental as it builds on existing PINN methods.
The authors tackled the challenge of learning stiff dynamics in differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), which are common in power networks, by developing DAE-PINN, a framework that combines implicit Runge-Kutta schemes with physics-informed neural networks, achieving effective simulation of a three-bus power network.
Deep learning-based surrogate modeling is becoming a promising approach for learning and simulating dynamical systems. Deep-learning methods, however, find very challenging learning stiff dynamics. In this paper, we develop DAE-PINN, the first effective deep-learning framework for learning and simulating the solution trajectories of nonlinear differential-algebraic equations (DAE), which present a form of infinite stiffness and describe, for example, the dynamics of power networks. Our DAE-PINN bases its effectiveness on the synergy between implicit Runge-Kutta time-stepping schemes (designed specifically for solving DAEs) and physics-informed neural networks (PINN) (deep neural networks that we train to satisfy the dynamics of the underlying problem). Furthermore, our framework (i) enforces the neural network to satisfy the DAEs as (approximate) hard constraints using a penalty-based method and (ii) enables simulating DAEs for long-time horizons. We showcase the effectiveness and accuracy of DAE-PINN by learning and simulating the solution trajectories of a three-bus power network.