Impact of Surface and Pore Characteristics on Fatigue Life of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Described by Neural Network Models
This work addresses fatigue life prediction for additive manufacturing materials, which is incremental as it applies an existing machine learning method to new data in a specific domain.
This study investigated how surface roughness and pore characteristics affect the fatigue life of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V alloy, using a drop-out neural network to predict fatigue lives with good accuracy and uncertainty estimation.
In this study, the effects of surface roughness and pore characteristics on fatigue lives of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) Ti-6Al-4V parts were investigated. The 197 fatigue bars were printed using the same laser power but with varied scanning speeds. These actions led to variations in the geometries of microscale pores, and such variations were characterized using micro-computed tomography. To generate differences in surface roughness in fatigue bars, half of the samples were grit-blasted and the other half machined. Fatigue behaviors were analyzed with respect to surface roughness and statistics of the pores. For the grit-blasted samples, the contour laser scan in the LPBF strategy led to a pore-depletion zone isolating surface and internal pores with different features. For the machined samples, where surface pores resemble internal pores, the fatigue life was highly correlated with the average pore size and projected pore area in the plane perpendicular to the stress direction. Finally, a machine learning model using a drop-out neural network (DONN) was employed to establish a link between surface and pore features to the fatigue data (logN), and good prediction accuracy was demonstrated. Besides predicting fatigue lives, the DONN can also estimate the prediction uncertainty.