Mixture-of-Rookies: Saving DNN Computations by Predicting ReLU Outputs
This work addresses efficiency for DNN deployment in resource-constrained environments, but it is incremental as it builds on existing acceleration methods.
The paper tackles the high computational cost of deep neural networks by predicting ReLU outputs to skip zero-valued neuron computations, achieving a 1.2x speedup and 16.5% energy reduction with 5.3% area overhead.
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used in many applications domains. However, they require a vast amount of computations and memory accesses to deliver outstanding accuracy. In this paper, we propose a scheme to predict whether the output of each ReLu activated neuron will be a zero or a positive number in order to skip the computation of those neurons that will likely output a zero. Our predictor, named Mixture-of-Rookies, combines two inexpensive components. The first one exploits the high linear correlation between binarized (1-bit) and full-precision (8-bit) dot products, whereas the second component clusters together neurons that tend to output zero at the same time. We propose a novel clustering scheme based on the analysis of angles, as the sign of the dot product of two vectors depends on the cosine of the angle between them. We implement our hybrid zero output predictor on top of a state-of-the-art DNN accelerator. Experimental results show that our scheme introduces a small area overhead of 5.3% while achieving a speedup of 1.2x and reducing energy consumption by 16.5% on average for a set of diverse DNNs.