Enhanced Physics-Informed Neural Networks with Augmented Lagrangian Relaxation Method (AL-PINNs)
This work addresses the problem of improving training efficiency and accuracy for PINNs in scientific computation, offering an incremental advancement over existing adaptive loss-balancing methods.
The paper tackled the challenge of training Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving nonlinear PDEs by proposing an Augmented Lagrangian relaxation method (AL-PINNs), which treats initial and boundary conditions as constraints and adaptively balances loss components, resulting in significantly smaller relative errors compared to state-of-the-art adaptive loss-balancing algorithms in numerical experiments.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a prominent application of deep learning in scientific computation, as they are powerful approximators of solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). There have been numerous attempts to facilitate the training process of PINNs by adjusting the weight of each component of the loss function, called adaptive loss-balancing algorithms. In this paper, we propose an Augmented Lagrangian relaxation method for PINNs (AL-PINNs). We treat the initial and boundary conditions as constraints for the optimization problem of the PDE residual. By employing Augmented Lagrangian relaxation, the constrained optimization problem becomes a sequential max-min problem so that the learnable parameters $λ$ adaptively balance each loss component. Our theoretical analysis reveals that the sequence of minimizers of the proposed loss functions converges to an actual solution for the Helmholtz, viscous Burgers, and Klein--Gordon equations. We demonstrate through various numerical experiments that AL-PINNs yield a much smaller relative error compared with that of state-of-the-art adaptive loss-balancing algorithms.