An Ontological Approach to Analysing Social Service Provisioning
This work addresses the challenge of analyzing social service provisioning for stakeholders like organizations and clients in Smart Cities, but it is incremental as it builds upon an existing standard.
The paper tackles the problem of evaluating and managing social service coverage in Smart Cities by introducing the Compass ontology, which extends the Common Impact Data Standard with new concepts like stakeholders, needs, and services, and demonstrates its ability to answer stakeholder questions through SPARQL queries on a knowledge graph.
This paper introduces ontological concepts required to evaluate and manage the coverage of social services in a Smart City context. Here, we focus on the perspective of key stakeholders, namely social purpose organizations and the clients they serve. The Compass ontology presented here extends the Common Impact Data Standard by introducing new concepts related to key dimensions: the who (Stakeholder), the what (Need, Need Satisfier, Outcome), the how (Service, Event), and the contributions (tracking resources). The paper first introduces key stakeholders, services, outcomes, events, needs and need satisfiers, along with their definitions. Second, a subset of competency questions are presented to illustrate the types of questions key stakeholders have posed. Third, the extension's ability to answer questions is evaluated by presenting SPARQL queries executed on a Compass-based knowledge graph and analysing their results.