Optimal active particle navigation meets machine learning
This is an incremental overview article that addresses navigation challenges for smart agents such as microorganisms or robots in complex environments.
The paper reviews recent developments in optimal navigation strategies for active agents across scales, highlighting the use of machine learning to uncover efficient strategies in complex environments like chaotic or high-dimensional settings.
The question of how "smart" active agents, like insects, microorganisms, or future colloidal robots need to steer to optimally reach or discover a target, such as an odor source, food, or a cancer cell in a complex environment has recently attracted great interest. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments, regarding such optimal navigation problems, from the micro- to the macroscale, and give a perspective by discussing some of the challenges which are ahead of us. Besides exemplifying an elementary approach to optimal navigation problems, the article focuses on works utilizing machine learning-based methods. Such learning-based approaches can uncover highly efficient navigation strategies even for problems that involve e.g. chaotic, high-dimensional, or unknown environments and are hardly solvable based on conventional analytical or simulation methods.