ScAR: Scaling Adversarial Robustness for LiDAR Object Detection
This work addresses adversarial robustness for LiDAR-based autonomous driving systems, but it is incremental as it builds on existing attack methods with a focus on scaling perturbations.
The paper tackles the problem of adversarial robustness in LiDAR object detection by proposing a black-box scaling adversarial attack method (ScAR) that exploits sensitivity to 3D instance scaling, achieving effectiveness across public datasets and detection architectures.
The adversarial robustness of a model is its ability to resist adversarial attacks in the form of small perturbations to input data. Universal adversarial attack methods such as Fast Sign Gradient Method (FSGM) and Projected Gradient Descend (PGD) are popular for LiDAR object detection, but they are often deficient compared to task-specific adversarial attacks. Additionally, these universal methods typically require unrestricted access to the model's information, which is difficult to obtain in real-world applications. To address these limitations, we present a black-box Scaling Adversarial Robustness (ScAR) method for LiDAR object detection. By analyzing the statistical characteristics of 3D object detection datasets such as KITTI, Waymo, and nuScenes, we have found that the model's prediction is sensitive to scaling of 3D instances. We propose three black-box scaling adversarial attack methods based on the available information: model-aware attack, distribution-aware attack, and blind attack. We also introduce a strategy for generating scaling adversarial examples to improve the model's robustness against these three scaling adversarial attacks. Comparison with other methods on public datasets under different 3D object detection architectures demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed method. Our code is available at https://github.com/xiaohulugo/ScAR-IROS2023.