Hybrid Modeling Design Patterns
This work provides a structured framework for researchers and practitioners to design hybrid models, addressing recurring challenges in fields like climate science and engineering, though it is incremental in building on existing hybrid modeling concepts.
The paper tackles the challenge of systematically combining first-principles modeling with data-driven techniques by introducing four base patterns and two composition patterns for hybrid modeling, illustrated with use cases from climate modeling, engineering, and physics.
Design patterns provide a systematic way to convey solutions to recurring modeling challenges. This paper introduces design patterns for hybrid modeling, an approach that combines modeling based on first principles with data-driven modeling techniques. While both approaches have complementary advantages there are often multiple ways to combine them into a hybrid model, and the appropriate solution will depend on the problem at hand. In this paper, we provide four base patterns that can serve as blueprints for combining data-driven components with domain knowledge into a hybrid approach. In addition, we also present two composition patterns that govern the combination of the base patterns into more complex hybrid models. Each design pattern is illustrated by typical use cases from application areas such as climate modeling, engineering, and physics.