Self-STORM: Deep Unrolled Self-Supervised Learning for Super-Resolution Microscopy
This work addresses a bottleneck in live-cell imaging for biologists by reducing data requirements, though it is incremental as it builds on existing deep unrolling techniques.
The paper tackles the problem of lengthy imaging times in super-resolution microscopy by introducing a self-supervised learning method that eliminates the need for labeled training data, achieving performance exceeding supervised counterparts and enabling robust, dynamic imaging below the diffraction limit.
The use of fluorescent molecules to create long sequences of low-density, diffraction-limited images enables highly-precise molecule localization. However, this methodology requires lengthy imaging times, which limits the ability to view dynamic interactions of live cells on short time scales. Many techniques have been developed to reduce the number of frames needed for localization, from classic iterative optimization to deep neural networks. Particularly, deep algorithm unrolling utilizes both the structure of iterative sparse recovery algorithms and the performance gains of supervised deep learning. However, the robustness of this approach is highly dependant on having sufficient training data. In this paper we introduce deep unrolled self-supervised learning, which alleviates the need for such data by training a sequence-specific, model-based autoencoder that learns only from given measurements. Our proposed method exceeds the performance of its supervised counterparts, thus allowing for robust, dynamic imaging well below the diffraction limit without any labeled training samples. Furthermore, the suggested model-based autoencoder scheme can be utilized to enhance generalization in any sparse recovery framework, without the need for external training data.