Systematic Review of Cybersecurity in Banking: Evolution from Pre-Industry 4.0 to Post-Industry 4.0 in Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Policies and Practice
It addresses cybersecurity challenges for the banking sector, but it is incremental as it reviews existing literature without introducing new methods or data.
This systematic review analyzes the evolution of cybersecurity in banking from pre-Industry 4.0, characterized by manual and low-accuracy methods, to post-Industry 4.0, where technologies like AI and Blockchain automate processes and enhance defense layers, though challenges such as scalability and high costs persist.
Throughout the history from pre-industry 4.0 to post-industry 4.0, cybersecurity at banks has undergone significant changes. Pre-industry 4.0 cyber security at banks relied on individual security methods that were highly manual and had low accuracy. When moving to post-industry 4.0, cybersecurity at banks had a major turning point with security methods that combined different technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, IoT, automating necessary processes and significantly increasing the defence layer for banks. However, along with the development of new technologies, the current challenge of cybersecurity at banks lies in scalability, high costs and resources in both money and time for R&D of defence methods along with the threat of high-tech cybercriminals growing and expanding. This report goes from introducing the importance of cybersecurity at banks, analyzing their management, operational and business objectives, evaluating pre-industry 4.0 technologies used for cybersecurity at banks to assessing post-industry 4.0 technologies focusing on Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain, discussing current policies and practices and ending with discussing key advantages and challenges for 4.0 technologies and recommendations for further developing cybersecurity at banks.