Numerical stability revisited: A family of benchmark problems for the analysis of explicit stochastic differential equation integrators
This work provides a systematic framework for evaluating stochastic integrators, offering practical guidance for time-stepping strategies in SDE simulations.
The authors introduce a new benchmark SDE to analyze the numerical stability of four explicit stochastic integration schemes, finding that lower-order schemes can outperform higher-order ones depending on time step size and parameters, with implications for nonlinear SDEs.
We revisit the numerical stability of four well-established explicit stochastic integration schemes through a new generic benchmark stochastic differential equation designed to assess asymptotic statistical accuracy and stability properties. This one-parameter benchmark equation is derived from a general one-dimensional first-order SDE using spatio-temporal nondimensionalization and is employed to evaluate the performance of the (1) Euler-Maruyama, (2) Milstein, (3) Stochastic Heun, and (4) three-stage Runge-Kutta schemes. Our findings reveal that lower-order schemes can outperform higher-order ones over a range of time step sizes, depending on the benchmark parameters and application context. The theoretical results are validated through a series of numerical experiments, and we discuss their implications for more general applications, including a nonlinear example. Our results suggest that the insights obtained from the linear benchmark problem provide reliable guidance for time-stepping strategies when simulating nonlinear SDEs.