Achieving Unanimous Consensus in Decision Making Using Multi-Agents
This addresses the need for adaptable consensus in blockchain decision-making where individual opinions matter, offering a novel approach beyond traditional methods like Proof-of-Work and Proof-of-Stake.
The paper tackles the problem of achieving unanimous consensus in decision-making on blockchains by introducing a deliberation-based mechanism using Large Language Models as rational agents, demonstrating feasibility through experimental results on convergence, block properties, and accuracy.
Blockchain consensus mechanisms have relied on algorithms such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) to ensure network functionality and integrity. However, these approaches struggle with adaptability for decision-making where the opinions of each matter rather than reaching an agreement based on honest majority or weighted consensus. This paper introduces a novel deliberation-based consensus mechanism where Large Language Models (LLMs) act as rational agents engaging in structured discussions to reach a unanimous consensus. By leveraging graded consensus and a multi-round deliberation process, our approach ensures both unanimous consensus for definitive problems and graded confidence for prioritized decisions and policies. We provide a formalization of our system and use it to show that the properties of blockchains: consistency, agreement, liveness, and determinism are maintained. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate our system's feasibility, showcasing how our deliberation method's convergence, block properties, and accuracy enable decision-making on blockchain networks. We also address key challenges with this novel approach such as degeneration of thoughts, hallucinations, malicious models and nodes, resource consumption, and scalability.