GRANITE : a Byzantine-Resilient Dynamic Gossip Learning Framework
This addresses the problem of secure decentralized learning for distributed systems, offering a robust solution against model poisoning attacks, though it is incremental by building on existing gossip learning frameworks.
The paper tackles the vulnerability of Gossip Learning over dynamic graphs to Byzantine attacks, particularly when adversaries target the peer sampling protocol, and introduces GRANITE, which maintains convergence with up to 30% Byzantine nodes and operates in graphs up to 9 times sparser than theoretical limits.
Gossip Learning (GL) is a decentralized learning paradigm where users iteratively exchange and aggregate models with a small set of neighboring peers. Recent GL approaches rely on dynamic communication graphs built and maintained using Random Peer Sampling (RPS) protocols. Thanks to graph dynamics, GL can achieve fast convergence even over extremely sparse topologies. However, the robustness of GL over dy- namic graphs to Byzantine (model poisoning) attacks remains unaddressed especially when Byzantine nodes attack the RPS protocol to scale up model poisoning. We address this issue by introducing GRANITE, a framework for robust learning over sparse, dynamic graphs in the presence of a fraction of Byzantine nodes. GRANITE relies on two key components (i) a History-aware Byzantine-resilient Peer Sampling protocol (HaPS), which tracks previously encountered identifiers to reduce adversarial influence over time, and (ii) an Adaptive Probabilistic Threshold (APT), which leverages an estimate of Byzantine presence to set aggregation thresholds with formal guarantees. Empirical results confirm that GRANITE maintains convergence with up to 30% Byzantine nodes, improves learning speed via adaptive filtering of poisoned models and obtains these results in up to 9 times sparser graphs than dictated by current theory.