Toward Efficient Exploration by Large Language Model Agents
This addresses the problem of inefficient exploration in LLM-based RL agents, which is incremental as it applies an existing RL algorithm to LLMs.
The paper tackles the challenge of data-efficient exploration in large language model (LLM) agents for reinforcement learning (RL) by explicitly implementing the Posterior Sampling for Reinforcement Learning algorithm, showing it is more effective in natural language tasks requiring prudent exploration.
A burgeoning area within reinforcement learning (RL) is the design of sequential decision-making agents centered around large language models (LLMs). While autonomous decision-making agents powered by modern LLMs could facilitate numerous real-world applications, such successes demand agents that are capable of data-efficient RL. One key obstacle to achieving data efficiency in RL is exploration, a challenge that we demonstrate many recent proposals for LLM agent designs struggle to contend with. Meanwhile, classic algorithms from the RL literature known to gracefully address exploration require technical machinery that can be challenging to operationalize in purely natural language settings. In this work, rather than relying on finetuning or in-context learning to coax LLMs into implicitly imitating a RL algorithm, we illustrate how LLMs can be used to explicitly implement an existing RL algorithm (Posterior Sampling for Reinforcement Learning) whose capacity for statistically-efficient exploration is already well-studied. We offer empirical results demonstrating how our LLM-based implementation of a known, data-efficient RL algorithm can be considerably more effective in natural language tasks that demand prudent exploration.