MSD-LLM: Predicting Ship Detention in Port State Control Inspections with Large Language Model
This addresses maritime safety and efficiency for port authorities and shipping companies, though it appears incremental as it builds on existing autoencoder and LLM approaches for a specific domain.
The paper tackles the problem of predicting ship detention in Port State Control inspections by proposing MSD-LLM, which integrates a dual robust subspace recovery autoencoder with a large language model to handle imbalanced data and extract meaningful representations, achieving over 12% improvement in AUC on Singapore port data compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Maritime transportation is the backbone of global trade, making ship inspection essential for ensuring maritime safety and environmental protection. Port State Control (PSC), conducted by national ports, enforces compliance with safety regulations, with ship detention being the most severe consequence, impacting both ship schedules and company reputations. Traditional machine learning methods for ship detention prediction are limited by the capacity of representation learning and thus suffer from low accuracy. Meanwhile, autoencoder-based deep learning approaches face challenges due to the severe data imbalance in learning historical PSC detention records. To address these limitations, we propose Maritime Ship Detention with Large Language Models (MSD-LLM), integrating a dual robust subspace recovery (DSR) layer-based autoencoder with a progressive learning pipeline to handle imbalanced data and extract meaningful PSC representations. Then, a large language model groups and ranks features to identify likely detention cases, enabling dynamic thresholding for flexible detention predictions. Extensive evaluations on 31,707 PSC inspection records from the Asia-Pacific region show that MSD-LLM outperforms state-of-the-art methods more than 12\% on Area Under the Curve (AUC) for Singapore ports. Additionally, it demonstrates robustness to real-world challenges, making it adaptable to diverse maritime risk assessment scenarios.