Generative AI and the Transformation of Software Development Practices
This work addresses the impact of generative AI on software engineering practices for developers and organizations, but it is incremental as it surveys existing trends and issues without introducing new methods.
The paper examines how generative AI, particularly large language models, is transforming software development practices by enabling new styles like chat-oriented programming, which accelerates productivity and broadens access, while also addressing challenges such as model reliability and cost.
Generative AI is reshaping how software is designed, written, and maintained. Advances in large language models (LLMs) are enabling new development styles - from chat-oriented programming and 'vibe coding' to agentic programming - that can accelerate productivity and broaden access. This paper examines how AI-assisted techniques are changing software engineering practice, and the related issues of trust, accountability, and shifting skills. We survey iterative chat-based development, multi-agent systems, dynamic prompt orchestration, and integration via the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Using case studies and industry data, we outline both the opportunities (faster cycles, democratized coding) and the challenges (model reliability and cost) of applying generative AI to coding. We describe new roles, skills, and best practices for using AI in a responsible and effective way.