MambaIO: Global-Coordinate Inertial Odometry for Pedestrians via Multi-Scale Frequency-Decoupled Modeling
This work addresses localization for pedestrians using consumer-grade IMUs, with incremental improvements in accuracy.
The paper tackled the problem of improving pedestrian inertial odometry by evaluating the global coordinate frame and proposing MambaIO, which decomposes IMU measurements into frequency components processed by Mamba and convolutional architectures, resulting in substantially reduced localization error and state-of-the-art performance on multiple datasets.
Inertial Odometry (IO) enables real-time localization using only acceleration and angular velocity measurements from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), making it a promising solution for localization in consumer-grade applications. Traditionally, IMU measurements in IO have been processed under two coordinate system paradigms: the body coordinate frame and the global coordinate frame, with the latter being widely adopted. However, recent studies in drone scenarios have demonstrated that the body frame can significantly improve localization accuracy, prompting a re-evaluation of the suitability of the global frame for pedestrian IO. To address this issue, this paper systematically evaluates the effectiveness of the global coordinate frame in pedestrian IO through theoretical analysis, qualitative inspection, and quantitative experiments. Building upon these findings, we further propose MambaIO, which decomposes IMU measurements into high-frequency and low-frequency components using a Laplacian pyramid. The low-frequency component is processed by a Mamba architecture to extract implicit contextual motion cues, while the high-frequency component is handled by a convolutional structure to capture fine-grained local motion details. Experiments on multiple public datasets show that MambaIO substantially reduces localization error and achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of the Mamba architecture to the inertial odometry task.