DRL-Guided Neural Batch Sampling for Semi-Supervised Pixel-Level Anomaly Detection
This addresses the challenge of detecting subtle defects in industrial settings with limited labeled data, representing a strong specific gain rather than a broad breakthrough.
The paper tackled the problem of anomaly detection in industrial visual inspection by proposing a semi-supervised deep reinforcement learning framework that integrates a neural batch sampler, autoencoder, and predictor, achieving an average improvement of 0.15 in F1_max and 0.06 in AUC on the MVTec AD dataset.
Anomaly detection in industrial visual inspection is challenging due to the scarcity of defective samples. Most existing methods rely on unsupervised reconstruction using only normal data, often resulting in overfitting and poor detection of subtle defects. We propose a semi-supervised deep reinforcement learning framework that integrates a neural batch sampler, an autoencoder, and a predictor. The RL-based sampler adaptively selects informative patches by balancing exploration and exploitation through a composite reward. The autoencoder generates loss profiles highlighting abnormal regions, while the predictor performs segmentation in the loss-profile space. This interaction enables the system to effectively learn both normal and defective patterns with limited labeled data. Experiments on the MVTec AD dataset demonstrate that our method achieves higher accuracy and better localization of subtle anomalies than recent state-of-the-art approaches while maintaining low complexity, yielding an average improvement of 0.15 in F1_max and 0.06 in AUC, with a maximum gain of 0.37 in F1_max in the best case.