Toward IIT-Inspired Consciousness in LLMs: A Reward-Based Learning Framework
It addresses the problem of improving text generation efficiency for AI developers, but it is incremental as it builds on existing IIT concepts and reward-based methods.
This paper tackles the challenge of implementing Integrated Information Theory (IIT) in language models to enhance consciousness-like processing, resulting in up to a 31% reduction in output length while maintaining accuracy on out-of-domain tasks.
The pursuit of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is a central goal in language model development, in which consciousness-like processing could serve as a key facilitator. While current language models are not conscious, they exhibit behaviors analogous to certain aspects of consciousness. This paper investigates the implementation of a leading theory of consciousness, Integrated Information Theory (IIT), within language models via a reward-based learning paradigm. IIT provides a formal, axiom-based mathematical framework for quantifying consciousness. Drawing inspiration from its core principles, we formulate a novel reward function that quantifies a text's causality, coherence and integration, characteristics associated with conscious processing. Empirically, it is found that optimizing for this IIT-inspired reward leads to more concise text generation. On out of domain tasks, careful tuning achieves up to a 31% reduction in output length while preserving accuracy levels comparable to the base model. In addition to primary task performance, the broader effects of this training methodology on the model's confidence calibration and test-time computational scaling is analyzed. The proposed framework offers significant practical advantages: it is conceptually simple, computationally efficient, requires no external data or auxiliary models, and leverages a general, capability-driven signal rather than task-specific heuristics. Code available at https://github.com/MH-Sameti/LLM_PostTraining.git