DSA-SRGS: Super-Resolution Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Sparse-View DSA Reconstruction
This work provides a method for medical professionals to obtain higher-resolution 4D vascular models, improving precision in diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. It is an incremental improvement on existing 3D reconstruction techniques.
The paper addresses the limitation of existing Gaussian splatting methods in reconstructing high-resolution 3D vascular models from sparse dynamic Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) inputs, which suffer from blurring and aliasing. They propose DSA-SRGS, a super-resolution Gaussian splatting framework that integrates high-quality priors from a fine-tuned DSA super-resolution model and uses a confidence-aware strategy to mitigate hallucination, resulting in significant improvements over state-of-the-art methods on two clinical DSA datasets.
Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a key imaging technique for the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Recent advancements in gaussian splatting and dynamic neural representations have enabled robust 3D vessel reconstruction from sparse dynamic inputs. However, these methods are fundamentally constrained by the resolution of input projections, where performing naive upsampling to enhance rendering resolution inevitably results in severe blurring and aliasing artifacts. Such lack of super-resolution capability prevents the reconstructed 4D models from recovering fine-grained vascular details and intricate branching structures, which restricts their application in precision diagnosis and treatment. To solve this problem, this paper proposes DSA-SRGS, the first super-resolution gaussian splatting framework for dynamic sparse-view DSA reconstruction. Specifically, we introduce a Multi-Fidelity Texture Learning Module that integrates high-quality priors from a fine-tuned DSA-specific super-resolution model, into the 4D reconstruction optimization. To mitigate potential hallucination artifacts from pseudo-labels, this module employs a Confidence-Aware Strategy to adaptively weight supervision signals between the original low-resolution projections and the generated high-resolution pseudo-labels. Furthermore, we develop Radiative Sub-Pixel Densification, an adaptive strategy that leverages gradient accumulation from high-resolution sub-pixel sampling to refine the 4D radiative gaussian kernels. Extensive experiments on two clinical DSA datasets demonstrate that DSA-SRGS significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both quantitative metrics and qualitative visual fidelity.