Post-quantum Federated Learning: Secure And Scalable Threat Intelligence For Collaborative Cyber Defense
This work provides a quantum-ready defense for collaborative cyber defense, which is crucial for organizations sharing threat intelligence.
This study addresses the vulnerability of federated learning (FL) to quantum attacks by proposing a quantum-secure FL framework that uses post-quantum cryptography (PQC). The framework achieved 97.6% threat detection accuracy with an 18.7% latency overhead when tested on APT attack datasets.
Collaborative threat intelligence via federated learning (FL) faces critical risks from quantum computing, which can compromise classical encryption methods. This study proposes a quantum-secure FL framework using post-quantum cryptography (PQC) to protect cross-organizational data sharing. We expose vulnerabilities in traditional FL through simulated quantum attacks on RSA encrypted gradients and introduce a hybrid architecture integrating NIST-standardized algorithms CRYSTALS-Kyber for key exchange and CRYSTALS-Dilithium for authentication. Testing on APT attack datasets demonstrated 97.6% threat detection accuracy with minimal latency overhead (18.7%), validating real-world viability. A healthcare consortium case study confirmed secure ransomware indicator sharing without breaching privacy regulations. The work highlights the urgency of quantum ready defenses and provides technical guidelines for deploying PQC in FL systems, alongside policy recommendations for standardizing quantum resilience in threat-sharing networks.