MoCo-AIS: A Contrastive Learning Framework for Similarity Computation of Vessel Trajectories
For researchers in mobility pattern analysis, this framework offers a standardized way to compare deep learning models for trajectory similarity, addressing the lack of a unified self-supervised approach.
The paper presents MoCo-AIS, a unified contrastive learning framework for vessel trajectory similarity that improves over existing baselines on large-scale AIS datasets, providing a benchmarking platform for trajectory representation models.
Trajectory similarity is a fundamental task in analyzing mobility patterns, essential for applications such as route pattern extraction, mobility prediction, and anomaly detection. Traditional distance-based measures for computing similarity incur high computational cost, driving the adoption of lightweight learning-based approaches. Supervised methods rely on extensive labels derived from traditional distance measures and often reproduce these metrics, which limits generalization. While self-supervised learning addresses this issue through contrastive learning, it lacks a unified framework, making it difficult to compare deep learning (DL) models for consistent trajectory representation. Accordingly, this paper presents MoCo-AIS, a unified framework for learning vessel trajectory embeddings based on the Momentum Contrast (MoCo) paradigm, which formulates similarity learning through positive and negative trajectory pairs. Within this framework, we evaluate a diverse set of leading DL models on large-scale, real-world vessel-tracking AIS datasets that capture diverse navigation behaviors and operating conditions. Results demonstrate that our framework significantly improves similarity learning over existing baselines, while providing a benchmarking platform for evaluating trajectory representation models.