Continuous Behavioral Synthesis for Adaptive Health Dashboards: An LLM-Mediated Architecture Integrating Explicit Preference, Spatial Reorganization, and Attention Allocation Signals
For developers of adaptive user interfaces, this work offers a novel method to achieve real-time personalization without requiring large historical datasets, though the evaluation is limited to analytical scenarios and a single domain.
The paper presents an LLM-mediated architecture for adaptive health dashboards that integrates explicit micro-feedback, spatial reorganization, and attention allocation signals to enable immediate personalization. The system was instantiated for personal health monitoring, managing fourteen health metrics across seven widget types, and evaluated through analytical scenarios and a working implementation.
The engineering of adaptive user interfaces has traditionally relied on either rule-based systems encoding designer intuitions about user needs or machine learning approaches requiring substantial historical data before achieving effective personalization. We present a technical architecture that leverages Large Language Models as behavioral synthesis engines to enable immediate adaptation from sparse, heterogeneous user signals. Our system integrates three distinct behavioral channels, i) explicit micro-feedback on individual interface elements, ii) spatial priority inferred from manual widget reorganization through drag-and-drop interaction, iii) and attentional investment measured through dwell time during hover events, within a structured prompt engineering framework that continuously regenerates dashboard layouts while maintaining explanatory coherence. The architecture addresses the technical challenge of translating low-level interaction patterns into high-level design decisions through a layered prompt construction methodology that separates temporal context determination, behavioral signal extraction, explicit preference enforcement, and user profile synthesis. The approach combines manually specified behavioral interpretations and temporal heuristics with LLM-mediated synthesis, enabling the reconciliation of multiple simultaneous signals that would be difficult to encode through explicit rules alone. We demonstrate the system through an instantiation in the personal health monitoring domain, including an analytical evaluation of adaptation behavior across multiple scenarios and a working implementation managing fourteen distinct health metrics across seven widget visualization modalities. The evaluation compares profile-driven initialization, multi-signal behavioral adaptation, and presents the resulting interfaces through representative post-adaptation screenshots.