Global Survey of Technologies and Industrial Applications of Grid Forming Energy Storage Systems
For power system operators and researchers, it provides a structured overview of industrial perspectives on GFM-ESS deployment, but is incremental as it only summarizes existing opinions.
This paper presents a global survey on grid-forming energy storage systems, summarizing responses from various stakeholders to identify common understandings and gaps in deployment. Key challenges are highlighted to guide future research.
Grid-forming (GFM) energy storage system (ESS) is a key enabler for stabilizing future power systems with high penetration of converter-based resources (CBRs). To get a better overview of the state-of-the-art and challenges for implementing and deploying GFM-ESS, a global survey has been initiated by Cigre Working Group B4.101 - industrial implementation and application of grid forming energy storage systems. Feedback was collected from universities, transmission system operators (TSOs), power plant developers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), research institutes, as well as consultants. It is interesting to note that while many common understandings have been established in practice, certain gaps persist among different stakeholders. This article intends to bridge this gap by presenting a summary of the survey, including the questionnaire, responses from various stakeholders, and in-depth analysis of the survey results. The key challenges faced by different stakeholders in deploying GFM-ESS are identified, shedding light on future research in this direction.