Validating the Single Item Kawaii Measure
For researchers studying kawaii perceptions in human-computer interaction, this provides a validated quick measure, though it is incremental as it validates an existing unvalidated measure.
The study validates a single-item self-report measure for kawaii (cuteness) perceptions across voice and visual stimuli, using nine datasets with 967 participants, showing initial evidence of convergent, known-groups, and cross-context validity.
Kawaii is the Japanese instantiation of cuteness. As a multimodal percept theoretically derived from the notion of baby schema, kawaii can be a property of voice and sound, visual appearance and form factor, and movement and expression. However, measuring user perceptions of kawaii remains an open question. In the absence of a validated instrument, a one-item self-report measure has been used extensively, but has not been validated. Here, we report on three types of validity -- convergent, known groups, and cross-context -- and reliability for the single item measure across nine data sets featuring responses to video game character voices and visual appearances and computer-generated voice assistant voices from N=967 unique participants. Our results demonstrate initial evidence of the validity of the one-item measure for voice and visual kawaii perceptions. Further rigour can be pursued with novel stimuli, test-retest validation, and concurrent validity against the upcoming multi-item measure of kawaii.