Crowd-Powered Sensing and Actuation in Smart Cities: Current Issues and Future Directions
It addresses the problem of leveraging crowds for urban sensing and actuation to improve quality of life, but is incremental as a review article.
This paper provides a literature review on Crowd-Powered Smart Cities (CPSC), defining concepts and applications, and identifies future research opportunities and limitations.
With the advent of seamless connection of human, machine, and smart things, there is an emerging trend to leverage the power of crowds (e.g., citizens, mobile devices, and smart things) to monitor what is happening in a city, understand how the city is evolving, and further take actions to enable better quality of life, which is referred to as Crowd-Powered Smart City (CPSC). In this article, we provide a literature review for CPSC and identify future research opportunities. Specifically, we first define the concepts with typical CPSC applications. Then, we present the main characteristics of CPSC and further highlight the research issues. In the end, we point out existing limitations which can inform and guide future research directions.