Emulating duration and curvature of coral snake anti-predator thrashing behaviors using a soft-robotic platform
This work addresses a specific ecological question about snake anti-predator behaviors using robotics, representing an incremental advance in animal-robot interaction methods.
The paper tackled the problem of understanding how duration and curvature of anti-predator thrashing behaviors in coral snakes affect survival by developing a soft-robotic platform to emulate these movements, finding that the robots' curvature values overlapped with live snakes and motion durations were less than or equal to those of snakes.
This paper presents a soft-robotic platform for exploring the ecological relevance of non-locomotory movements via animal-robot interactions. Coral snakes (genus Micrurus) and their mimics use vigorous, non-locomotory, and arrhythmic thrashing to deter predation. There is variation across snake species in the duration and curvature of anti-predator thrashes, and it is unclear how these aspects of motion interact to contribute to snake survival. In this work, soft robots composed of fiber-reinforced elastomeric enclosures (FREEs) are developed to emulate the anti-predator behaviors of three genera of snake. Curvature and duration of motion are estimated for both live snakes and robots, providing a quantitative assessment of the robots' ability to emulate snake poses. The curvature values of the fabricated soft-robotic head, midsection, and tail segments are found to overlap with those exhibited by live snakes. Soft robot motion durations were less than or equal to those of snakes for all three genera. Additionally, combinations of segments were selected to emulate three specific snake genera with distinct anti-predatory behavior, producing curvature values that aligned well with live snake observations.