Security of Connected and Automated Vehicles
This paper addresses the critical problem of securing CAVs and transportation infrastructure from cyberattacks for developers and policymakers in the automotive and cybersecurity domains.
This paper examines the security challenges in Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) due to their integration into cyberphysical systems (CPS), which expands the cyberattack surface. It outlines potential cyberattack detection and mitigation strategies, exploring emerging technologies like AI, 5G, and blockchain as solutions.
The transportation system is rapidly evolving with new connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies that integrate CAVs with other vehicles and roadside infrastructure in a cyberphysical system (CPS). Through connectivity, CAVs affect their environments and vice versa, increasing the size of the cyberattack surface and the risk of exploitation of security vulnerabilities by malicious actors. Thus, greater understanding of potential CAV-CPS cyberattacks and of ways to prevent them is a high priority. In this article we describe CAV-CPS cyberattack surfaces and security vulnerabilities, and outline potential cyberattack detection and mitigation strategies. We examine emerging technologies - artificial intelligence, software-defined networks, network function virtualization, edge computing, information-centric and virtual dispersive networking, fifth generation (5G) cellular networks, blockchain technology, and quantum and postquantum cryptography - as potential solutions aiding in securing CAVs and transportation infrastructure against existing and future cyberattacks.