What Does TERRA-REF's High Resolution, Multi Sensor Plant Sensing Public Domain Data Offer the Computer Vision Community?
This provides a unique, large-scale dataset for the computer vision and machine learning communities to develop and test models in plant phenotyping and related fields, though it is incremental as it focuses on data availability rather than new methods.
The paper introduces the TERRA-REF dataset, a high-resolution, multi-sensor public domain resource for plant sensing, offering over 1 PB of data from co-located sensors and traditional measurements to support computer vision and machine learning applications.
A core objective of the TERRA-REF project was to generate an open-access reference dataset for the evaluation of sensing technologies to study plants under field conditions. The TERRA-REF program deployed a suite of high-resolution, cutting edge technology sensors on a gantry system with the aim of scanning 1 hectare (10$^4$) at around 1 mm$^2$ spatial resolution multiple times per week. The system contains co-located sensors including a stereo-pair RGB camera, a thermal imager, a laser scanner to capture 3D structure, and two hyperspectral cameras covering wavelengths of 300-2500nm. This sensor data is provided alongside over sixty types of traditional plant phenotype measurements that can be used to train new machine learning models. Associated weather and environmental measurements, information about agronomic management and experimental design, and the genomic sequences of hundreds of plant varieties have been collected and are available alongside the sensor and plant phenotype data. Over the course of four years and ten growing seasons, the TERRA-REF system generated over 1 PB of sensor data and almost 45 million files. The subset that has been released to the public domain accounts for two seasons and about half of the total data volume. This provides an unprecedented opportunity for investigations far beyond the core biological scope of the project. The focus of this paper is to provide the Computer Vision and Machine Learning communities an overview of the available data and some potential applications of this one of a kind data.