Coevolution of Camouflage
This provides a computational model for biologists and AI researchers to study camouflage dynamics, though it is incremental as it applies existing evolutionary methods to this specific domain.
The paper simulates predator-prey coevolution to study camouflage by evolving prey camouflage patterns against evolving predator vision in a 2D environment using natural scene photographs, resulting in an open-source artificial life model for studying camouflage.
Camouflage in nature seems to arise from competition between predator and prey. To survive, predators must find prey, and prey must avoid being found. This work simulates an abstract model of that adversarial relationship. It looks at crypsis through evolving prey camouflage patterns (as color textures) in competition with evolving predator vision. During their "lifetime" predators learn to better locate camouflaged prey. The environment for this 2D simulation is provided by a set of photographs, typically of natural scenes. This model is based on two evolving populations, one of prey and another of predators. Mutual conflict between these populations can produce both effective prey camouflage and predators skilled at "breaking" camouflage. The result is an open source artificial life model to help study camouflage in nature, and the perceptual phenomenon of camouflage more generally.