Large AI Models for Wireless Physical Layer
This is an incremental review article that synthesizes existing research for advancing wireless communication systems.
The paper reviews how large AI models (LAMs) are applied to wireless physical layer technologies, addressing limitations of conventional AI methods by classifying strategies into using pre-trained LAMs and developing native LAMs, which improve performance and adaptability in diverse scenarios.
Large artificial intelligence models (LAMs) are transforming wireless physical layer technologies through their robust generalization, multitask processing, and multimodal capabilities. This article reviews recent advancements in LAM applications for physical layer communications, addressing limitations of conventional AI-based approaches. LAM applications are classified into two strategies: leveraging pre-trained LAMs and developing native LAMs designed specifically for physical layer tasks. The motivations and key frameworks of these approaches are comprehensively examined through multiple use cases. Both strategies significantly improve performance and adaptability across diverse wireless scenarios. Future research directions, including efficient architectures, interpretability, standardized datasets, and collaboration between large and small models, are proposed to advance LAM-based physical layer solutions for next-generation communication systems.