From Language to Action: Enhancing LLM Task Efficiency with Task-Aware MCP Server Recommendation
For developers using LLM-based agents, this provides a structured approach to recommend MCP servers, but the contribution is incremental as it applies known retrieval and ranking techniques to a new domain.
The paper addresses the lack of systematic recommendation frameworks for MCP servers in LLM-based agents by formulating it as a retrieval-and-ranking problem. It introduces the Task2MCP dataset and the T2MRec model, achieving improved coverage and ranking quality through centroid-based expansion and constrained LLM-based re-ranking.
The rapid expansion of the model context protocol (MCP) ecosystem enables large language model (LLM)-based agents to access a wide range of external tools via a standardized interface. However, identifying appropriate MCP servers for a specific development task remains challenging. Existing studies primarily focus on measuring the MCP ecosystem or optimizing tool invocation mechanisms, while systematic recommendation frameworks and reproducible benchmarks for real-world development tasks remain largely unexplored. To address this limitation, we formulate task-oriented MCP server recommendation as a structured retrieval-and-ranking problem that jointly considers semantic relevance and engineering constraints. We first construct Task2MCP, a task-centered dataset that systematically associates taxonomy-grounded development tasks with curated MCP servers. This dataset provides structured supervision and a reproducible evaluation environment for research on MCP tool recommendations. Building on this dataset, we propose T2MRec, a task-to-MCP server recommendation model. It models semantic relevance and structural compatibility to construct an initial candidate set. Then it improves coverage and ranking quality through centroid-based candidate expansion and constrained LLM-based re-ranking. In addition, we design and implement an interactive MCP server recommendation agent prototype that operates in conversational environments to support dynamic decision-making. The agent assists developers in efficiently evaluating and integrating tools by providing recommended MCP servers together with usage guidelines.