CandorMD: An AI-Assisted Audio Simulation and Feedback System for Training Clinicians for Medical Error Disclosure
For clinicians and medical educators, this work addresses the lack of effective, adaptable training tools for difficult disclosure conversations, though it is an incremental step with no quantitative results.
CandorMD is an AI-assisted simulation system for training clinicians in medical error disclosure, designed to provide real-time practice and feedback. Based on interviews with stakeholders, the paper presents design recommendations for AI-supported communication training.
Clinicians are expected to disclose harmful medical errors to patients and families in line with ethical, regulatory, and patient care standards, yet these conversations remain challenging because of their emotional complexity and limited training opportunities. Most physicians still learn primarily through lectures and observation, while static video tools-though available-are underused, lack adaptability across specialties, and deliver delayed, generic feedback. These gaps restrict skill development, reduce self-efficacy, and contribute to avoidance of disclosure conversations, ultimately compromising patient care and eroding trust. To address these needs, we designed CandorMD -- an AI-assisted simulation system that provides real-time practice, actionable feedback, and diverse practice environments tailored to individual learning needs. We conducted semi-structured interviews with physicians, risk managers, patient advocates, and communication experts to understand current practices, identify gaps, and collect feedback on CandorMD. Based on these insights, we present findings and design recommendations for the future of AI-supported medical communication training.