A structured model of vector-borne disease with within-host viral load and antibody dynamics
This work provides a theoretical framework for linking within-host and between-host dynamics in vector-borne diseases, but the results are primarily analytical and numerical without empirical validation.
The authors develop a structured epidemiological model for vector-borne diseases that incorporates within-host viral load and antibody dynamics, and show that the basic reproduction number serves as a threshold for disease dynamics. Numerical experiments for Dengue fever demonstrate how within-host mechanisms affect population-level outcomes.
We present an epidemiological model for vector-borne diseases that includes within-host viral load and antibody dynamics using structured transport equations. By incorporating the internal dynamics into the infected and recovered host compartments, the formulation introduces nonlinearities and nonlocalities. We establish analytical properties, including well-posedness and mass conservation, and characterize its characteristic curves. Furthermore, we derive a simplified Uniform Host Response (UHR) model featuring delay-type terms. For both the full and UHR frameworks, the basic reproduction number is determined and shown to serve as a threshold for the existence of an endemic equilibrium, and is related to the linear stability of the disease-free state. Finally, numerical experiments, parameterized specifically for Dengue fever, demonstrate how within-host mechanisms influence population-level epidemiological outcomes.